Aquidneck, haven for all victims of Birth rate, 81.

persecution, 369.

Argument among the Greeks and Ro-
mans, emotion, 149; among the Puri-
tans, matter of conscience and educa-
tion, 151.

Black labor, 334.
Blague, 75.

Blair, Dr., incident of attempt to estab-
lish college in Virginia, 265.
Blue Laws, 154, 185, 346.

Aristocracy, English, an elastic institu- Boston described by English traveller,
tion, 245.

221.

Aristocratic oligarchy, in Virginia, 261. Boston Common, 166.
Ark and Dove, 278.

Armada, Spanish, defeat of, 119; endur-
ing consequences of English victory,
120.

Army, standing, 351.

Art, absence of in America, 37; analysis
of, 37.

Art and literature, ancient, 40; Eliza-
bethan age in, 41; result of extremes
of wealth and poverty, 38.

Assembly and town meeting formed
public opinion in colonies, 292.
Atavism, 82.

Bacon and Newton, 295.

Bacon, Nathaniel, 267, 293, 383.

Bacons and Lockes, human veins of gold

in a dull mass of quartz, 157.

Bagehot quoted, 35.

Boston Harbor fortified, 136.

Boswell, incident of Oglethorpe and the
Prince of Würtemburg, 327.
Bradford, account of famine in Ply-
mouth, 203; description of Maypole
practices, 203.

Brewster, Elder, clothes of, 198.
British men-of-war in Charleston Har-
bor, 319.

Browne, Robert, founder of Separatist
movement, 105.
Bryce, quoted, 36.

Buckle, effect of climate, etc., on the
human race, 51; on progress of society
and religious disputes, 370.
Bundling, in Massachusetts and Con-
necticut, 346, 347, 348, 349.

Burgesses, House of, Maryland, 287, 298,
303.

Baltimore Lord (Cecilius), 277, 278, 285, Burgesses, House of, Virginia, 239, 262.

286, 287, 290, 298, 397.
Baltimore, fifth lord, 303.

Barriers to American colonization, 350.
Bavaria, religious persecutions in, 332.
Bellingham, Richard, punishment of
Quaker women, 177.

Berkeley, Sir William, Bacon's indict-
ment of, 267; his contempt for the
printing press, 252; treatment of Puri-
tans, 251.

Bible, Constitution of Puritan, 146, 167,
364, 365; dictated Sunday observance,
153; essential to education of Puritan
youth, 162; influence of teachings on
Puritanism, 122; left its impress upon
the English, 122; popularity with,
and appeal to the masses, 121.
Biblical constitution of Puritan, key
note to his influence on national char-
acter, 147.

Bigotry, religious, of Europe, 174; in
American colonies, 349.

Business methods of Dutch colonists and
of Virginians, 392.

Calvert, George (Lord Baltimore), seek-
ing harbor for company of colonists,
276.

Calvin, 158, 174.

Calvinism, 123, 130, 131, 398.
Cambridge synod, 382.
Campbell, on Elizabeth's obduracy, 126;
on the Englishman's respect for fact,
128; on the Puritan sermon, 155.
Cardross, Lord, 317.
Carlyle, on the Puritan ideal, 110; on
"our thinking,” 79.

Carolina, all frontier, 312; backwoods of
Virginia, 308; beginning of, 306; ex-
ample of commercial spirit of English
colonies, 310; frontier of English colo-
nies in America, 308; physical and
moral results of rice growing, 322;
split into North and South, 307.

Caste, 78.

Catarrh, American climate conducive
to, 63.

Catholic Church, in America, character-
ized by tolerance, 285; instrument in
development of American character,
285; mass celebrated for first time,
279; non-political in America, 285.
Catholic immigration to America, 285.
Catholicism, American, has not weak-
ened the fibre of American Republi-
canism, 285; modified by continued
immigration from Catholic countries
of Europe, 286.

Catholics, action of Maryland legisla-
ture to prohibit proselyting of, 303;
gave character to Maryland, 304; in
Maryland constrained to take oath of
allegiance, 304; discriminated against
in New Hampshire, 283; persecution
of, in Maryland, 287, 301; picked men
of Maryland, 304; regarded as enemies.
of England, 299; regarded with suspi-
cion throughout the colonial period,
283; taxed without representation,
304.

Cavaliers, the, effect of political perse-

cution, 246; illustrious names among,
233; ruling class in Virginia, 241; mi-
gration to Virginia, 243; and Round-
head, no distinction in respect to line-
age, 244.

Channing on the long smouldering of

the American Revolution, 321n.
Character, subject to vagary without
hardening of discipline, 372.
Character, American, a reflection of cli-
mate and political institutions, 78;
articles of faith of, 79; contradictions
of, 77; contribution of Virginia to, 215;
debt to Puritan not Pilgrim, 101; desire
for expansion acquired through Vir-
ginia settlement, 235; difference of
men in "new" West and "old" East,
233; effect of natural phenomena on,
46; effect of political system upon,
297; foundation of, in unimaginative,
narrow, over-refined, intellectual type,
95; friction with governors and Church
disputes, 319; fusion of temperaments
of English, Dutch, Huguenot, French,

Scotch, and Irish, 314; German contri-
bution to, 404; hardened and made
firm in Indian warfare, 351; individual
softness of, inadequate in forming
new national mold, 104; individual-
ism traceable to Calvinism, 123; influ-
ence of religious tolerance of Mary-
land settlers on, 276; influence of
sects and creeds in Maryland, 287; in-
fluenced by call of the land beyond,
308; land hunger of Englishmen not
appeased by transplanting, 306; mili-
tary initiative in, 351; no impress
of Dutch settlers upon, 379; reflects
Puritan protest against usurped au-
thority, 136; result of environment,
56; review of fundamental facts of,
212; rude strength of, 320; Saxon
strain in, 77; source of liberty of con-
science and religious freedom, 376;
spirit of expansion and extension, 306;
strength and moral purpose of, trace-
able to Puritan, 276; traced to Puritan
in Massachusetts, Cavalier in Virginia,
Catholic in Maryland, 304; unaffected
by Swedish settlers, 408; wrought by
exercise of individual expression, 335.
Characteristics, American, candor, 26;
constant activity and restlessness, 68;
constant use of superlative, 75; contra-
diction in, 78; European interpreta-
tion of "Yankee," 343; molded by
environment, 45, 52; national de-
spair, 77; nervousness, excitability,
63; optimism, 37; physical, influenced
by clothing and food, 61; reticence,
lack of, 26; self-reliant to obstinacy
and full of hope, 74; sense of humor,
tendency to exaggeration, 75; traced
to natural causes, 64.
Charleston, 324.

Charters, English, of the colonies, 385.
Chroniclers, early, ingenuousness of, 85.
Church, aristocracy and caste in fellow-
ship of, 127; hierarchy secret of per-
petuation of, 128; persecution of, 105.
Church and society, believed insepara-
ble, 398.

Church and state, relation of among
Puritans, 364.
Church of England, feeble hold in Amer-

ica in colonial times, 287; persecution | Clothes, colors of, among the Puritans,
of itinerant preachers, 105.

Church republic, character of New Eng- Cold, mental effect of, 60.

Cold wave, effect on immigrant, 69; ex-
planation of, 69; feature of American
climate, 70.

Colonial ancestry, American, 201.
and Colonial Conference, political conse-
quences of, 396.

Virginia, estates not cities or towns,
325; method of, varies with physical
conformation of section, 235; modern
political philosophy of, begins in
America, 86; Roman and English con-
trasted, 86; spread through persecu-
tion in Massachusetts, 365.
Comity, international, violation of, 18.
Commerce and love of gain in English-
man made for nobler qualities in pio-
neer, 305; in Virginia, 264; of England,
ambition of every Englishman, 329;
with New England and West Indies,
developed through Carolina settle-
ment, 310.

Commonwealth, transition to Monarchy,
politico-religious consequences of,

300.

Copley, Sir Lionel, Governor of Mary-
land, 300.

Cotton, influence on lives and character
of cultivators, 321.
Cotton, John, 153, 281, 339, 357.
Court, among Puritans, autocratic au-
thority of, 363.

"Crackers," " mean whites" of Georgia,
336.

Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury,

117.

Creed in the colonies more important
than ethics of religion, 301; of the
Puritan, 155.

Creeds, exotic and mysterious, 144.
Criminals and paupers shipped to Amer-
ica, 288; range of offense in "crimi-
nal" classes, 289.

Communication, freedom of, isolates no Criticism, European, of America, 25, 37.
section of the United States, 316.
Criticism of Americans by Americans,
Communities, older, constantly aban- 27.
doned to begin life anew in America,
316.

Confederation, Great, the, germ of, in

Colonial Conference, 396.
Connecticut, became strongest political
structure on the continent, 343; begin-
ning of branch colonization in new soil,
338; colony of allied towns, 339; consti-
tution, miniature constitution of na-
tion, 342; constitution, model on which
the Constitution of the United States
founded, 341; gave compromise of
representation to Constitution of U S.,
342; settlement of, began chapter of
Indian warfare, 350; protest of dissi-
dents against iron-clad theocracy, 337.
Connecticut and Rhode Island, begin-
ning of liberty of conscience, 378.
Constitution, American, see also United
States, Constitution of, 148, 150, 172,
272, 342.

Constitution, first written one in Amer-
ica, 340.

Constitution, the Puritan, 146, 150.
Constitutions made for men, not men
for constitutions, 320.

Cromwell, 108, 263.

Crown, responsibility of, for colonial
quarrels, 383.

Crown and governors failed to grasp
the inevitable import of development
of colonies, 320.

Customs, universality of certain, 34.
Cynicism, 78.

Dale, Sir Thomas, letter to Earl of Salis-
bury, 222; opens Virginia to all sorts.
and conditions of labor, 223; inaugu-
rates individual land ownership in
Virginia, 228.

Darwin, adaptation of species to cli-
mate, 50; influence of conditions upon
physical development, 49.
Davenport, John, 344.
Davis and Pate, leaders of rebellion in
Maryland, hanged, 294.
Declaration of Independence, first un-
answerable assertion that a new people
had come into existence, 136; fore-
shadowed by Hooker's sermon, 340;
influence of Calvinism upon signers,
124.

Controversy, means of education among Delaware, settled by Dutch, 407.

Puritans, 152.

Conventions, disciplinary effect of, 375.
Convicts, number of, in Maryland, 288.

Demagogue, the, 159.

Democracy, arose from religious ele-
ment in Puritan colonization, 116;

assumed its most distinctly American Dutch, Act of Abjuration, 393; adopt