An Introductory Study of EthicsLongmans, Green, 1903 - 383 من الصفحات |
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
action activity adjustment æsthetic animal assume attainment attitude basis capacities categorical imperative character clear clearly collectivism common complete conceive conception conduct conflict consciousness coöperation demands Deontology desire determined distinction ditions duty endeavour enjoyment environment ethical theory evolution evolutionary existence expression extent external feeling germ plasm happiness hedonism hedonistic theory higher honesty honour human nature ideal idealistic theory identity impulses individual interests intuitionism James Mill Kant Lamarckian Leslie Stephen material material conditions matter means mechanical ment merely method moral problem motive necessities object organic unity organisation organism philosophy physical pleasure and pain possible practical present presupposes principle purpose quantity question rational realisation recognise regard relations relatively represent result sacrifice satisfaction self-interest sense simply social Social Statics society Spencer standpoint statement Study of Ethical sympathy teleological tendencies theory of conduct thought tion ultimately Utilitarianism welfare whole
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 110 - Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do.
الصفحة 53 - It is quite compatible with the principle of utility to recognize the fact that some kinds of pleasure are more desirable and more valuable than others.
الصفحة 53 - Few human creatures would consent to be changed into any of the lower animals for a promise of the fullest allowance of a beast's pleasures; no intelligent human being would consent to be a fool, no instructed person would be an ignoramus, no person of feeling and conscience would be selfish and base, even though they should be persuaded that the fool, the dunce, or the rascal is better satisfied with his lot than they are with theirs.
الصفحة 52 - But there is no known Epicurean theory of life which does not assign to the pleasures of the intellect, of the feelings and imagination, and of the moral sentiments, a much higher value as pleasures than to those of mere sensation.
الصفحة 179 - whether in thine own person or in that of any other, in every case as an end withal, never as a means only.
الصفحة 37 - ... pleasure and freedom from pain are the only things desirable as ends; and that all desirable things (which are as numerous in the utilitarian as in any other scheme) are desirable either for the pleasure inherent in themselves, or as means to the promotion of pleasure and the prevention of pain.
الصفحة 151 - And from this account of obligation it follows, that we can be obliged to nothing, but what we ourselves are to gain or lose something by ; for nothing else can be a ' violent motive ' to us. As we should not be obliged to obey the laws, or the magistrate, unless rewards or punishments, pleasure or pain...
الصفحة 53 - It is better to be a human being dissatisfied, than a pig satisfied; better to be Socrates dissatisfied, than a fool satisfied.
الصفحة 126 - All the grand sources, in short, of human suffering are in a great degree, many of them almost entirely, conquerable by human care and effort...
الصفحة 184 - Now there are in humanity capacities of greater perfection which belong to the end that nature has in view in regard to humanity in ourselves as the subject; to neglect these might perhaps be consistent with the maintenance of humanity as an end in itself, but not with the advancement of this end.