incoming white man on, 84;
insect life controlled by, 87;
man's ruthless destruction of,
86; migratory, government
control of, 95; predacious, 80;
in U. S., 85; value as food, 119
Birth rate, according to degree
of wealth, 335; checked by race
crossing, 296; difference in
number of boys and girls, 313;
decrease in, 331-334; decrease
in, in America, among natives
and immigrants, 335-336; de-
crease in, in France, 334; fac-
tors affecting, direct, 340;
factors affecting, indirect, 337-
340

Boas, F., 33, 287-289, 375
Bob-white, 77

Bourbons in Spain, 260

Brain, human, 239; weight, 290
Brenner Pass, 30

Bubonic plague, 133

Buenos Aires, climatic condi-
tions, 35

California, big trees in, 44
Camel, 122

Canada, birth and death rates,
334

Cancer, 141

Candles, 104
Carbohydrates, 10
Carbolic acid, 130

Carbon, compounds, 9; impor-
tance of, to living organisms, 9
Carboniferous era, 105
Castle, W. E., 210, 221
Cat, domestic, 121
Caterpillars, 181

Cattell, J. McK., 341-342
Cattle, 122; dairy, 127
Caucasian, classified, 277
Celibacy, 338

Cell, cytoplasm, 197; definition
of, 192; discovery, 192; divi-
sion, in forming life, 194; re-

production from single, 193;
sperm, 195, 196; see also Germ
cells
Cenozoic age, 184
Central Asia, 44

Cephalic index, among Ameri-
cans, 282; among Europeans,
283; can cephalic index
change? 287-288; described,
282; social significance consid-
ered, 286, 287

Chapin, F. S., 181, 306-309
Characters, dominant and reces-
sive, 200; sex-linked, 209
Chickens, barred-rock, breeding
of, 209; color inheritance, 202,
origin, 119; varieties of, 124
Child, influence of social condi-
tions on, 331

Child-bearing, among civilized
women, 338

Children, number of, 337
Chloroform, 130

Chromosomes, as determiners of
heredity, 204; description of,
193; human, 208; number of,
in animals and in man, 194
Cinchona tree, 112
Civilization, advance of, 374;
decrease in amount of land re-
quired, 102; distinct elements,
365; material basis, 101; suc-
cess of, 394

Climate, distribution of human
energy on basis of, 40; psy-
chical effects, 41

Clodd, E., 154, 158, 168, 172,
174

Clothing, chief value of, 8, 359
Coal, 13; forms, 105

Coffee industry in Ceylon, 146
Cold storage, 116

Color, of hair and eyes, 280
Colorado beetle, 92

Coloration, protective, 182
Color-blindness, 211

Conception, prevention of, 341

177 ff., 381

Darwin, E., 167

Date palm, 61

Davenport, C. B., 181, 252
Deaf-mutism, 237
Deafness, 237

Death-rate, gradual reduction,
147; of women at childbirth,
130; statistics of various
countries, 334

De Candolle, A., 111, 113

Defects, mental, inherited, 254
Degenerate families, 266
De Vries, H., 198

Dexter, E. G., 35, 36, 37
Diphtheria, 140

Discoveries, by early man, 99
Disease, among plants, 146;
hereditary, influence on 80-
ciety, 340; losses in live stock
from, in U. S., 144; preven-
tion of, 131

Diseases, zymotic, 129

Diseases and accidents, influence

of, on society and population,
339

Divorce, influence of, on society
and population, 339
Dog, 120

Domestic animals, 119
Dorland, W. A. N., 263
Drummond, H., 61, 343
Drysdale, C. V., 332-334
Dust, influence of, 26

Dwarfs, achondroplasic and ateli-
otic types, 236

Earth, changes in physical con-
tour, 43; composition, 2; ele-
ments in surface, 3
Earthworms, 55

Education, compulsory general,

242; Binet system, 242
Electricity, 109

Electrolysis, 110

Elements, physical, 2

Ellis, H., 316-322, 325, 326, 327,
330

Embryo, human, 185

Empedocles, 150

Engines, 108

Eye, human, color of, 212, 280

Farabee, W. C., 235
Feeble-minded, 243
Feeble-mindedness, 248-252
Fertilization, 197; of flowers, by
insects, 60

Finot, J., 286, 287, 289
Fire salamander, 223

Fish, 183; blind, in Mammoth

Cave, 26; effects of tempera-
ture on, 23; stratification, in
Lake Michigan, 26
Fisher, A. K., 80-81
Fitness of environment, 5
Flies, fruit, sex-linked charac-
ters in, 209

Food, 359; three great classes,
10

"Four o'clock," experiments on,
201

Fourteenth Amendment, 366
Fowlers, the, 255

France, birth and death rates,
333

Fraser, W. J., 127

Galton, Francis, 228, 229, 266,
271, 337

Genius, common or rare? 270;
inheritance of, 258; and in-
sanity, 263

Geographic conditions, influence
of, on economic and social de-
velopment, 31

Germ cells, 193; division, 195;
human, 266

Germany, birth and death rates,
333

Giddings, F. H., 306-309, 369
Gilbert Islands, density of popu-

lation, 31

Glacial epochs, 43

Glands, ductless, 6; pituitary, 6;

suprarenals, 6; thyroid, 6

Goat, 123

Goddard, H. H., 245-249, 251.4

Gonorrhea, 340

Gorgas, W. C., 137, 138
Gould, B. A., 297-298
Grasshoppers, 93

Great Britain, population per
square mile, 29

Guinea-pigs, color inheritance,
201, 204; experiments on, 220
Gulf Stream, 17

Guyer, M. F., 194, 211, 236, 253

Hair, color of, 212, 280
Hall of Fame, N. Y. C., 261
Hands, abnormal, (brachydacty-
lic, polydactylic, syndactylic),

234

Hann, J., 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 36
Hastings, W. W., 316-317
Hellpach, W., 38

Helium, 3

Hemophilia, 211, 237, 238

Henderson, L. J., 10

Hendrick, B. J., 134

Herbert, S., 229

Heredity, in royal families of
Europe, 258, 260; meaning of
word, 230

Herter, C. A., 56
Hessian fly, 92

Hibernating animals, 47
Hill, J. A., 336

Hoffman, F. L., 298

Holland, birth and death rates,
333

Hollingworth, Mrs. L. S., 325-
326

Hormones, rôle in body growth,
315

Hornaday, W. T., 77, 85, 90, 91
Horse, 123

Hothouses, 116

Hunt, S. B., 297

Huntington, E., 36, 39, 41, 44,

45, 49

Huntington's chorea, 239
Hypotrichosis, 238

Ichthyosis, 211
Ihering, R. von, 388
Imbecile, 243

Immigrants, influence of new en-
vironment on, 33
Immigration, effect of, on birth
rate, 339

Importation of plants and ani-
mals, 89

Indians, Aymara, 32; Quichua,
32

Industry, modern, effects on so-

ciety and population, 347, 350
Infancy, increased length, 337;
period, in man as compared to
animals, 357

Inheritance, blended, 207; neu-

rotic, 252; sex-limited, 210;
statistical laws, 228
Insanity, causes of, 252; forms
of, 253; and genius, 263
Insect pests, aphis, 74; boll

weevil, 73; codling moth, 74;
corn-root worm, 74; damage
done to U. S. crops in 1904, 72;
gypsy moth, 89; Hessian fly,
74; San José scale, 89
Insects, abundance of, in wet
seasons, 22; attacking domes-
tic animals in U. S., 144; serv-
ices in plant fertilization, 60;
social life of, 62; value to man,
124

Institutions, crystallization of,
391; organized to meet human
needs, 362

Interrelations, between highest
and lowest forms of life, 38
Intestines, flora of, 56
Inventions, great changes pro-
duced by modern, 367; influ-
ence on man, 101; of primitive❘
man, 98; physical and social
effects, 369; suggested by ani-
mals, 100

Iowa, birds in, 78
Iron, 107

Lapouge, G. V., 296–297
Lawton, L., 300-301
Lehr's Genealogy, 271
Leroy-Beaulieu, 335

Life, dangerous types of, 84;
distribution of, 6; relation of,
to matter, 5; stratification of,
in ocean and lake, 26
Light, its control of growth, 14;
in bodies of water, 26
Lighting, by candle, 104; by
coal-gas, 104; by electric light,
104; by kerosene, 104
Linnæus, 164, 165, 303
Lipman, J. G., 54
London, 17

Longevity, heredity of, 254
Lydston, G. F., 265

Malaria, 21, 129
Malnutrition, 250
Mammals, 183

Man, early inventions, 98; early
life and conditions, 353; four
characteristics, which give him
supreme place, 184; his de-
struction of plant and animal
life, 92; his progress, as in-
fluenced by environment, 274;
influenced by physical world,
28; inherited characteristics,
211; part of animal kingdom,
177; primitive, 98, 372; time
on earth, 189; types of culture,
100

Marlatt, C. L., 75
Marriage, necessity for care in
selection in, 269; prohibition,
to stop reproduction of unfit,
267

Marriage rate, in England and
Wales, 332
Marsh Island, 95
Martha's Vineyard, 238
Mason, O. T., 99

Matches, invention of, 98

Maturity of Indian boy as com-

pared to that of American, 357

Mayo, E., 133, 138

McClung, C. E., 208

Normal-minded man, 241
Novicow, J., 295
Nuts, value of, 114

Occupations, of men, 31

Offspring, and training of par-
ents, 218

O'Malley, A., 337

Organisms, as machines, 6

Osborn, 22, 152, 164, 166, 169,
171

Ovum, 196

Oxygen, discovery of, 2; sources,

25

Paleozoic age, 183