SPANISH BATTERY WAGON.

The lower part of this body is divided into three main longitudinal divisions, the middle one being the widest. These are covered by sliding boards in three transverse sections. They are accessible from the rear through the tail board, or from the front by two similarly folding doors, for the outside compartments. The bearers are arranged on the same principle as in the caisson, 6 vertical iron bolts on each side joining the top and bottom rails. These bolts pass through staples in the side boards. The top, made of long wooden rods quilted in between two thicknesses of canvas, rests upon three steel bows. It is secured by eleven straps to the top side board. At each end of the top rail are rings, between which containing ropes can be stretched. The limber is as in the caissou.

SPANISH FORGE.

The body resembles that of the caisson, except that the rails are much deeper in front to give room for the hearth. A tool-box is set in rear, and a plate-iron box in front, forming the fire-place. The sides of this turn out on hinges as well as the top. Wind is obtained from a rotary fan over the axle. This is driven by a detachable crank passing between two of the spokes of the rear wheel and animating a train of four spiral-geared wheels. The shaft bearings are necessarily very long, and the entire apparatus very frail and bulky. Inverted on the tool box is strapped a heavy plate-iron box without a lid, the object of which is not apparent. The forge carries a spare pole, as in the caisson. Its limber is similarly divided to obtain a low center of gravity.

SPANISH SEA-COAST CARRIAGE.

The top carriage is made of a single thickness of plate-iron, stiffened by being bolted between radial horizontal braces. Four of these are radial. The cheeks are united by a diagonal single transom, as in the Parrott system, and two horizontal transoms front and rear. The rear one carries the elevating screw. The carriage is thrown in rolling friction by two eccentric axles front and rear. The wheels have radial handspike sockets, and have serrated edges to avoid slipping. Recoil is checked by separate friction clamps, like Parrott's.

The chassis rails are built up as in the 15-inch carriage. The rails are quite long and are joined by seven transoms. One above in front, cne beneath in front, and one beneath in rear. The pintle strap is hinged to the forward horizontal transom below the rail. The forks are low, the inclination of the chassis being provided for by an offset in the platform. There are two traverse circles, trough-shaped, and of about twice the width of the wheels. The face of the wheels is considerably convex, to fit the troughs. They are without handspike sockets or gearing, &c.

The gun can be pulled back from battery by a purchase reeved be tween eyes in the top carriage and the chassis rail. The gun is altered on the French system. It comprises a cast-iron body hooped with steel. Its shape is peculiar-cylindrical to the trunnions; then by two offsets reduced to a smaller cylinder, then by two conical surfaces brought to the swell of the muzzle. It fires a stud projectile with two rows of studs, the forward ones circular and of copper, the rear ones oblong, of brass

THE SWEDISH CAISSON.

This resembles essentially the construction of the limber before de scribed. The angle iron bearers are prolonged to the front, where they

Swedish caisson.

diverge and are joined by a conical friction circle to fit that of the limber. They are still further braced by a straight iron strap containing the lunette beneath them and a round iron handle crossing them above. The spare wheel is carried in front of the ammunition chests on the body of the caisson, being supported on a horizontal pin between two Ʌ-shaped vertical braces, standing on the rails in front of and behind their junction, where they separate in rear. The front brace is hinged on the body so as to fold down flat when the wheel is in use. The carrying pin is hinged to the rear brace for a similar purpose. The wheel is put on by turning the wheel down so that the center will come in the plane of the front fork of the body. The wheel is carried in this position to avoid the evil consequences attending its former position in rear of the caisson. When so placed the emptying of the front chest of the caisson body would relieve the sweep-bar from the pressure necessary to balance the weight of the pole. The iron stirrup in front is for the spare pole, &c. The bearers are prolonged in rear to sustain a foot board.

THE SWEDISH IRON GUN-CARRIAGE.

The stock is made of profile sheet-iron plates, stiffened with angle. iron, riveted with the flange (brackets) turned inwards. The stock is braced between the sides by (1) curved front transom, (2) X-brace of angle iron half-way back from trunnions riveted to bottom flange and side plate, (3) trunnions of elevating screw box, (4) strap forming step for foot of shaft in hand wheel, (5) strap for top bearing of same, (6) brace bolt against which the diagonal braces to the ends of the axle arms rest, (7) front box-transom, (8) bottom of box, (9) back of box, (10) top of same, to which the lid is hinged, (11) plate containing pintle eye, (12) shoe curved up over end of trail and riveted above and below, (13) strap on which hand spike hinges, (14) gun, (15) axle. The angle iron is strengthened in front by a heavy strap of iron, which passes around the cheek from a point in rear of the axle below to a point half way up the front of the cheek; there it terminates in a hook standing out to the front. It is continued by a heavier piece forming the trunnion bed, which is also riveted to the angle iron. A brace inside the cheek reaching from this trunnion bed to the bottom angle iron is riveted to the sides of the cheek. The cap squares are fastened on by bolts with T-shaped heads to keep them from turning. The heads of the front bolts pass through mortises in the upper flange and are held in place by transverse gravity key pins from the outside. The rearmost nuts are made with a long stem, serving as a handle for the nearest cannoneer.

The stock is fastened to the square axle by straps bolted to the lower flange of the stock on each side of the axle. The nuts on the bolt below confine, between themselves and the D strap above, curved hooks to hold the implements. The eye for the worm staff is independently secured to the axle between the other two. On each side of the gun stock is a pair of loops and straps, serving as a support for the seats. The